Re-emergence of pertussis despite high vaccination coverage in western countries, results in increased risk for severe and even fatal pertussis among newborns. For this reason, late 2015 the Dutch Health Council (HC) advised to offer 3rd trimester pertussis vaccination to pregnant women. At the start of the maternal pertussis programme late 2019, the maternal Tdap was advised from 22w of gestation onwards. Preterms, accounting for 8% of newborns in the Netherlands, are at highest risk for severe pertussis leading to prolonged hospital and intensive care admissions and sometimes death. Recently, it has become evident that despite 3rd trimester vaccination, preterms remain at high risk because the vaccination is likely given too late for sufficient antibody transfer. For this vulnerable group 2nd trimester vaccination may offer better protection because of extended time for antibody transfer. To date, most countries recommend 3rd trimester vaccination to protect young, not yet (fully) vaccinated infants. Data from England show 91% effectiveness against infant pertussis after maternal Tetanus- diphtheria -acellular Pertussis (Tdap) vaccination in the 3rd trimester. Studies focussing on preterms and protection after maternal vaccination are scarce. Two observational studies reported on effectiveness and antibody levels in cord blood of 2nd trimester vaccination in term infants. While one study showed significantly higher antibody levels after 2nd trimester vaccination (13-25 gestational weeks; GW), another study showed decreased effectiveness of 2nd trimester (<27 GW) vaccination. Only one study concerned antibody transfer in preterms and reported higher antibody levels after 2nd (n=37) than after 3rd (n=48) trimester vaccination. Aiming to contribute to setting optimal vaccine strategy of maternal pertussis vaccination in the Netherlands and elsewhere and particular for the most vulnerable group of preterms, we propose a study that compares pertussis antibody levels in preterms and terms after 2nd trimester maternal vaccination. We can compare these to data we have on 3rd trimester Tdap in terms. In addition to adequate antibody levels, success of 2nd trimester vaccination depends on acceptance of this strategy by pregnant women and professionals. Our primary endpoint is IgG anti-pertussis toxin (Pt) antibody concentration in preterms and terms at 2m of age, Pt is considered the most relevant antibody for protection against clinical pertussis. Secondary endpoints are e.g. pertussis specific antibody concentrations in preterms and terms in cord blood and in women at delivery. Determinants of acceptance of 2nd trimester maternal vaccination are also a secondary endpoint. Antibody concentrations will be assessed in serum, using a fluorescent bead-based multiplex immunoassay, with required blood volume of minimal 100µl. For the survey on acceptance, we aim to have 4 groups of 100 women each, i.e. women who are pregnant for the 1st time, women who already gave birth and in both groups women with and without a known increased risk of preterm delivery. For the immunogenicity part, we aim to have at least 60 preterms and 60 terms, as this is, according to experts, the minimum number to enable good comparisons. Pregnant women will be offered 2nd trimester pertussis vaccination. Both among acceptors and non-acceptors acceptance of 2nd trimester vaccination will be assessed. Women are first asked to participate in the acceptance part after the 1st antenatal visit to a midwife or obstetrician. They fill in a questionnaire to assess behavioral determinants and beliefs that underlie acceptance of 2nd trimester maternal vaccination. Only after this consent, women will be asked to participate in the immunogenicity part. Hereby, women will receive Tdap after they have the 20w standard anomaly ultrasound scan (20-24 GW). Vaccinated women will be followed until delivery. All preterms and a random selection of 60 terms, all of vaccinated mothers, will be followed until 2m of age, i.e. just before start of the NIP. By including both women in primary and secondary antenatal care, we aim to enrich our study population with women who are at increased risk for preterm delivery, as these women are usually seen by an obstetrician. Data from our study will determine whether 2nd trimester Tdap leads to sufficient Pt antibodiy concentration in terms and preterms compared to 3rd trimester vaccination. Furthermore, we will have knowledge about obstacles for acceptance and can tailor information for all pregnant women to overcome these. Finally, given that in near future besides pertussis other maternal vaccines are likely to become available for prevention of severe disease in newborns (RSV, GBS), in particular in preterms, this study generates essential knowledge for future vaccine policy of maternal vaccines.

<p>Datasets used for the manuscript:&nbsp;<em>Long-term wastewater monitoring of SARS-CoV-2 viral loads and variants at the major international passenger hub Amsterdam Schiphol Airport: a valuable addition to COVID-19 surveillance</em></p> <p><em>pandemic_daily_passenger_counts.tsv</em>: An overview of daily passenger arrival&nbsp;counts at Amsterdam Schiphol Airport per continent of origin during the study period 16-02-2020 - 04-09-2022</p> <p><em>pre-pandemic_daily_passenger_averages.tsv:&nbsp;</em>An overview of mean daily passenger arrival counts at Amsterdam Schiphol Airport in the pre-pandemic period 2017-2019.</p> <p><em>viral_load_data.tsv:&nbsp;</em>Flow-corrected viral load (# particles per 24h) in samples taken at the wastewater treatment plant of Amsterdam Schiphol Airport.</p> <p><em>wastewater_variant_frequencies.tsv:&nbsp;</em>SARS-CoV-2 lineage estimates in samples&nbsp;taken at the wastewater treatment plant of Amsterdam Schiphol Airport, analyzed using whole-genome tiled amplicon sequencing.</p>

Het Landelijk Meetnet Grondwaterkwaliteit (LMG) is opgebouwd tussen 1979 en 1984 en bestaat uit ongeveer 350 meetlocaties die zijn verspreid over heel Nederland. Er wordt bemonsterd in permanente putten die speciaal voor monitoringsdoeleinden zijn aangelegd. Deze waarnemingsputten zijn net buiten de velden aangelegd om eenvoudig te kunnen bemonsteren en de werkzaamheden in het veld niet te hinderen. De locaties zijn geselecteerd op basis van grondsoort, het landgebruik en de hydrologische toestand. Op elke locatie worden grondwatermonsters genomen op diepten van 5-15 m (ondiepe filters) en 15-30 m onder het maaiveld (diepe filters). Op zandgrond worden uit ondiepe waarnemingsputten elk jaar monsters genomen, terwijl er op de andere grondsoorten (klei en veen) elke twee jaar monsters worden genomen uit ondiepe putten. Uit diepe putten wordt elke vier jaar een monster genomen, evenals uit ondiepe filters op meetpunten met mariene invloeden. De putten die niet elk jaar worden bemonsterd, worden in geïnterpoleerd voor de afwezige jaren.

Stikstofoxiden (als NOx) emissies naar lucht uit alle bronnen in 2014 in kg/km2 per jaar. Emissieregistratie 1990 - 2014. (vastgesteld 2016)

In deze dataset zijn de jaargemiddelde concentraties van stoffen in het drinkwater opgenomen per drinkwaterpompstation. De metingen zijn uitgevoerd door de drinkwaterbedrijven daar waar het drinkwater na zuivering het pompstation verlaat. Alleen de meetresultaten boven de detectiegrens zijn weergegeven.

Koolstofdioxide (CO2) emissies naar lucht uit alle bronnen in 2014 in kg/km2 per jaar. Emissieregistratie 1990 - 2014. (vastgesteld 2016)

In 2023 publiceert het RIVM een rapport dat verslag doet van een test van zelfbouwgeluidmeters. Deze dataset bevat de meetdata waarop de bevindingen van het rapport zijn gebaseerd. Het zijn gemiddelden: per dag, uur en 5 minuten. De betekenis van "NA" is dat er geen data is: die geluidmeter heeft in dat tijdvak niet gemeten.

Deze dataset bevat de jaargemiddelde cijfers van het Nationaal Meetnet Radioactiviteit van het RIVM zoals in het kader van het EURATOM verdrag verzameld. De data is op diverse meetlocaties verspreid over Nederland gemeten.

Bevat de emissies van stoffen naar de lucht en het brandstofverbruik van de grote vuurhaarden in Nederland (Large Combustion Plants) over het rapportagejaar 2016.

Verzameling van verwijzingen naar data die gebruikt is voor het Monitoringsprogramma "Monitor stikstofdepositie in Natura 2000-gebieden".