De VCP geeft inzicht in wat, waar en wanneer Nederlanders eten en drinken en vergelijkt dit met de Richtlijnen goede voeding en voedingsnormen van de Gezondheidsraad. Het RIVM bracht dit in kaart op basis van het voedingspatroon van ongeveer 3.500 kinderen en volwassenen in de periode 2019-2021.

Re-emergence of pertussis despite high vaccination coverage in western countries, results in increased risk for severe and even fatal pertussis among newborns. For this reason, late 2015 the Dutch Health Council (HC) advised to offer 3rd trimester pertussis vaccination to pregnant women. At the start of the maternal pertussis programme late 2019, the maternal Tdap was advised from 22w of gestation onwards. Preterms, accounting for 8% of newborns in the Netherlands, are at highest risk for severe pertussis leading to prolonged hospital and intensive care admissions and sometimes death. Recently, it has become evident that despite 3rd trimester vaccination, preterms remain at high risk because the vaccination is likely given too late for sufficient antibody transfer. For this vulnerable group 2nd trimester vaccination may offer better protection because of extended time for antibody transfer. To date, most countries recommend 3rd trimester vaccination to protect young, not yet (fully) vaccinated infants. Data from England show 91% effectiveness against infant pertussis after maternal Tetanus- diphtheria -acellular Pertussis (Tdap) vaccination in the 3rd trimester. Studies focussing on preterms and protection after maternal vaccination are scarce. Two observational studies reported on effectiveness and antibody levels in cord blood of 2nd trimester vaccination in term infants. While one study showed significantly higher antibody levels after 2nd trimester vaccination (13-25 gestational weeks; GW), another study showed decreased effectiveness of 2nd trimester (<27 GW) vaccination. Only one study concerned antibody transfer in preterms and reported higher antibody levels after 2nd (n=37) than after 3rd (n=48) trimester vaccination. Aiming to contribute to setting optimal vaccine strategy of maternal pertussis vaccination in the Netherlands and elsewhere and particular for the most vulnerable group of preterms, we propose a study that compares pertussis antibody levels in preterms and terms after 2nd trimester maternal vaccination. We can compare these to data we have on 3rd trimester Tdap in terms. In addition to adequate antibody levels, success of 2nd trimester vaccination depends on acceptance of this strategy by pregnant women and professionals. Our primary endpoint is IgG anti-pertussis toxin (Pt) antibody concentration in preterms and terms at 2m of age, Pt is considered the most relevant antibody for protection against clinical pertussis. Secondary endpoints are e.g. pertussis specific antibody concentrations in preterms and terms in cord blood and in women at delivery. Determinants of acceptance of 2nd trimester maternal vaccination are also a secondary endpoint. Antibody concentrations will be assessed in serum, using a fluorescent bead-based multiplex immunoassay, with required blood volume of minimal 100µl. For the survey on acceptance, we aim to have 4 groups of 100 women each, i.e. women who are pregnant for the 1st time, women who already gave birth and in both groups women with and without a known increased risk of preterm delivery. For the immunogenicity part, we aim to have at least 60 preterms and 60 terms, as this is, according to experts, the minimum number to enable good comparisons. Pregnant women will be offered 2nd trimester pertussis vaccination. Both among acceptors and non-acceptors acceptance of 2nd trimester vaccination will be assessed. Women are first asked to participate in the acceptance part after the 1st antenatal visit to a midwife or obstetrician. They fill in a questionnaire to assess behavioral determinants and beliefs that underlie acceptance of 2nd trimester maternal vaccination. Only after this consent, women will be asked to participate in the immunogenicity part. Hereby, women will receive Tdap after they have the 20w standard anomaly ultrasound scan (20-24 GW). Vaccinated women will be followed until delivery. All preterms and a random selection of 60 terms, all of vaccinated mothers, will be followed until 2m of age, i.e. just before start of the NIP. By including both women in primary and secondary antenatal care, we aim to enrich our study population with women who are at increased risk for preterm delivery, as these women are usually seen by an obstetrician. Data from our study will determine whether 2nd trimester Tdap leads to sufficient Pt antibodiy concentration in terms and preterms compared to 3rd trimester vaccination. Furthermore, we will have knowledge about obstacles for acceptance and can tailor information for all pregnant women to overcome these. Finally, given that in near future besides pertussis other maternal vaccines are likely to become available for prevention of severe disease in newborns (RSV, GBS), in particular in preterms, this study generates essential knowledge for future vaccine policy of maternal vaccines.

<p>Datasets used for the manuscript:&nbsp;<em>Long-term wastewater monitoring of SARS-CoV-2 viral loads and variants at the major international passenger hub Amsterdam Schiphol Airport: a valuable addition to COVID-19 surveillance</em></p> <p><em>pandemic_daily_passenger_counts.tsv</em>: An overview of daily passenger arrival&nbsp;counts at Amsterdam Schiphol Airport per continent of origin during the study period 16-02-2020 - 04-09-2022</p> <p><em>pre-pandemic_daily_passenger_averages.tsv:&nbsp;</em>An overview of mean daily passenger arrival counts at Amsterdam Schiphol Airport in the pre-pandemic period 2017-2019.</p> <p><em>viral_load_data.tsv:&nbsp;</em>Flow-corrected viral load (# particles per 24h) in samples taken at the wastewater treatment plant of Amsterdam Schiphol Airport.</p> <p><em>wastewater_variant_frequencies.tsv:&nbsp;</em>SARS-CoV-2 lineage estimates in samples&nbsp;taken at the wastewater treatment plant of Amsterdam Schiphol Airport, analyzed using whole-genome tiled amplicon sequencing.</p>

For English, see below Op 17 maart 2023 zijn de GGD teststraten gesloten waardoor er geen informatie meer is over het aantal afgenomen testen in de GGD teststraten. Hierdoor wordt deze data vanaf 21 maart 2023 niet meer bijgewerkt. Dit bestand bevat: - Het totaal aantal door de GGD’en afgenomen Covid-19 testen waarvan de uitslag bekend is en het aantal positieve testen per dag naar veiligheidsregio van inschrijving van de geteste persoon, per datum van de testafspraak. De aantallen betreffen afgenomen Covid-19 testen, vanaf de verruiming van het testbeleid in Nederland op 1 juni 2020 tot aan 2 dagen geleden. Testen die abusievelijk dubbel zijn geregistreerd konden vanwege ontbrekende test-identificerende gegevens, niet ontdubbeld worden. Testen waarvan de uitslag nog niet bekend was zullen op een later moment opgenomen worden in de statistieken. Hierdoor kunnen de aantallen nog licht wijzigen. Het bestand is als volgt opgebouwd: - Een set records per datum van de testafspraak, met voor elke datum: - Een record per veiligheidsregio, ook als voor de betreffende veiligheidsregio geen meldingen zijn. De aantallen zijn dan 0 (nul). Beschrijving van de variabelen: Version: Versienummer van de dataset. Wanneer de inhoud van de dataset structureel wordt gewijzigd (dus niet de dagelijkse update of een correctie op record niveau), zal het versienummer aangepast worden (+1) en ook de corresponderende metadata in RIVMdata (https://data.rivm.nl). Versie 2 update (10 augustus 2021): - Vanaf 1 juli 2021 nemen de GGD’en testen voor uitgaande reizigers af. Testen voor dit doeleinde werden tot 10 augustus in deze dataset gerapporteerd. Vanaf 10 augustus worden deze testen met terugwerkende kracht niet meer in deze dataset gerapporteerd wegens het verschil in testpopulatie. Versie 3 update (24 maart 2022): - In versie 3 van deze dataset zijn records samengesteld volgens de gemeente herindeling van 24 maart 2022. Zie beschrijving van de variabele Security_region_code voor meer informatie. - Door een technisch probleem ontbrak bij een deel van de records van de gemeenten Hengelo (Overijssel), Bergen (Limburg) en Bergen (Noord-Holland) vanaf najaar 2021 tot en met 23 maart 2022 de veiligheidsregio. Van de gemeenten Dijk en Waard, Purmerend, Land van Cuijk en Maashorst ontbrak sinds de gemeentelijke herindeling van 22 januari 2022 voor sommige records de veiligheidsregio. Dit zorgde voor een lager aantal gerapporteerde testen voor de bovenstaande gemeenten en hun bijbehorende veiligheidsregio’s. Vanaf 24 maart 2022 is dit probleem opgelost en wordt het juiste aantal uitgevoerde testen voor alle veiligheidsregio’s in dit bestand getoond. Versie 4 update (1 september 2022): - Vanaf 1 september 2022 wordt de data niet meer iedere werkdag geüpdatet, maar op dinsdagen en vrijdagen. De data wordt op deze dagen met terugwerkende kracht bijgewerkt voor de andere dagen. - Vanaf 1 september 2022 is deze dataset opgesplitst in twee delen. Het eerste deel bevat de data vanaf het begin van de pandemie tot en met 3 oktober 2021 (week 39) en bevat ‘tm’ in de bestandsnaam. Deze data wordt niet meer geüpdatet. Het tweede deel bevat de data vanaf 4 oktober 2021 (week 40) en wordt iedere dinsdag en vrijdag geüpdatet. Date_of_report: Datum en tijd waarop het databestand is aangemaakt door het RIVM. Date_of_statistics : Datum van de Covid-19 testafspraak. Security_region_code: Veiligheidsregiocode. Veiligheidsregio gebaseerd op de woonplaats van de geteste persoon. Vanaf 24 maart 2022 is dit bestand samengesteld volgens de gemeente indeling van 24 maart 2022. Gemeente Weesp is opgegaan in gemeente Amsterdam. Met deze indeling is de veiligheidsregio Gooi- en Vechtstreek kleiner geworden en de veiligheidsregio Amsterdam-Amstelland groter; GGD Amsterdam is groter geworden en GGD Gooi- en Vechtstreek is kleiner geworden (https://www.cbs.nl/nl-nl/onze-diensten/methoden/classificaties/overig/gemeentelijke-indelingen-per-jaar/indeling-per-jaar/gemeentelijke-indeling-op-1-januari-2022). Security_region_name: Dit is de naam van de veiligheidregio’s zoals tot dusver gebruikt in diverse rapportages en verslagen van het RIVM, en kan iets afwijken van de naamgeving zoals aangegeven in de codelijst van CBS. Zie ook: https://www.rijksoverheid.nl/onderwerpen/veiligheidsregios-en-crisisbeheersing/veiligheidsregios. Indien woonplaats niet bekend is, is de security_region “Onbekend”. Tested_with_result: Aantal afgenomen Covid-19 testen waarvan de uitslag bekend is, naar datum van de testafspraak, [Date_of_statistics]. Tested_positive: Aantal afgenomen Covid-19 testen met een positieve uitslag, naar datum van de testafspraak, [Date_of_statistics]. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Covid-19 tests performed, by appointment date and security region The GGD test facilities has been closed on March 17, 2023, so there is no longer any information about the number of tests performed in the PHS testing facilities. As a result, this data will no longer be updated from March 21, 2023. This file contains: - The total number of Covid-19 tests performed by the P of which the results are known and the number of positive tests per day by security region of registration of the tested person, per date of the testing appointment. The numbers concern performed Covid-19 tests, starting from the relaxation of the testing policy in the Netherlands on June 1, 2020 until 2 days ago. Tests that were mistakenly registered twice could not be deduplicated due to missing test-identifying data. Tests for which the result was not yet known will be included in the statistics at a later time. As a result, the numbers may change slightly. The file is structured as follows: - A set of records by date of the testing appointment, with for each date: - A record per security region, even if there are no reports for the relevant security region. The numbers are then 0 (zero). Description of the variables: Version: Version number of the dataset. When the content of the dataset is structurally changed (so not the daily update or a correction at record level), the version number will be adjusted (+1) and also the corresponding metadata in RIVMdata (https://data.rivm.nl). Version 2 update (August 10, 2021): - From 1 July 2021, the PHSs will be performing tests for outgoing travelers. Tests for this purpose were reported in this dataset until August 10. As of August 10, these tests are retroactively no longer reported in this dataset due to the difference in test population. Version 3 update (March 24, 2022): - In version 3 of this dataset, records are compiled according to the municipality reclassification of March 24, 2022. See description of the variable Security_region_code for more information. - Due to a technical problem, part of the records of the municipalities of Hengelo (Overijssel), Bergen (Limburg) and Bergen (North Holland) were missing from autumn 2021 up to and including 23 March 2022. Since the municipal reorganization of January 22, 2022, the securitysecurity region of the municipalities of Dijk en Waard, Purmerend, Land van Cuijk and Maashorst has been missing for some records. This resulted in a lower number of reported tests for the above municipalities and their associated securitysecurity regions. As of March 24, 2022, this problem has been resolved and the correct number of tests performed for all security regions is shown in this file. Version 4 update (September 1, 2022): - From September 1, 2022, the data will no longer be updated every working day, but on Tuesdays and Fridays. The data is retroactively updated on these days for the other days. - As of September 1, 2022, this dataset is split into two parts. The first part contains the dates from the start of the pandemic to October 3, 2021 (week 39) and contains "tm" in the file name. This data will no longer be updated. The second part contains the data from October 4, 2021 (week 40) and is updated every Tuesday and Friday. Date_of_report: Date and time on which the data file was created by the RIVM. Date_of_statistics : Date of the Covid-19 testing appointment. Security_region_code: Security region code. SecuritySecurity region based on the place of residence of the tested person. From March 24, 2022, this file has been compiled according to the municipality classification of March 24, 2022. The municipality of Weesp has been merged into the municipality of Amsterdam. With this merger, the Gooi- en Vechtstreek securitysecurity region has become smaller and the Amsterdam-Amstelland securitysecurity region larger; GGD Amsterdam has become larger and GGD Gooi- en Vechtstreek has become smaller (https://www.cbs.nl/nl-nl/onze-diensten/methoden/classificaties/overig/gemeentelijke-indelingen-per-jaar/indeling-per-jaar/gemeentelijke-indeling-op-1-januari-2022). Security_region_name: This is the name of the security regions as used so far in various reports by the RIVM, and may differ slightly from the names as indicated in the Statistics Netherlands (CBS) code list. Also see: https://www.rijksoverheid.nl/onderwerpen/veiligheidsregios-en-crisisbeheersing/veiligheidsregios. If place of residence is not known, the security_region is “Unknown”. Tested_with_result: Number of Covid-19 tests of which the results are known, by date of the testing appointment, [Date_of_statistics]. Tested_positive: Number of Covid-19 tests with a positive result, by date of the testing appointment, [Date_of_statistics].

Deze kaart toont de gemodelleerde concentratie fijn stof (µg pm10/m³) voor 2016 op basis van rekenpunten uit de monitoringstool van het nsl. Deze vlakdekkende kaart van Nederland heeft een resolutie van 25 meter.

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