Re-emergence of pertussis despite high vaccination coverage in western countries, results in increased risk for severe and even fatal pertussis among newborns. For this reason, late 2015 the Dutch Health Council (HC) advised to offer 3rd trimester pertussis vaccination to pregnant women. At the start of the maternal pertussis programme late 2019, the maternal Tdap was advised from 22w of gestation onwards. Preterms, accounting for 8% of newborns in the Netherlands, are at highest risk for severe pertussis leading to prolonged hospital and intensive care admissions and sometimes death. Recently, it has become evident that despite 3rd trimester vaccination, preterms remain at high risk because the vaccination is likely given too late for sufficient antibody transfer. For this vulnerable group 2nd trimester vaccination may offer better protection because of extended time for antibody transfer. To date, most countries recommend 3rd trimester vaccination to protect young, not yet (fully) vaccinated infants. Data from England show 91% effectiveness against infant pertussis after maternal Tetanus- diphtheria -acellular Pertussis (Tdap) vaccination in the 3rd trimester. Studies focussing on preterms and protection after maternal vaccination are scarce. Two observational studies reported on effectiveness and antibody levels in cord blood of 2nd trimester vaccination in term infants. While one study showed significantly higher antibody levels after 2nd trimester vaccination (13-25 gestational weeks; GW), another study showed decreased effectiveness of 2nd trimester (<27 GW) vaccination. Only one study concerned antibody transfer in preterms and reported higher antibody levels after 2nd (n=37) than after 3rd (n=48) trimester vaccination. Aiming to contribute to setting optimal vaccine strategy of maternal pertussis vaccination in the Netherlands and elsewhere and particular for the most vulnerable group of preterms, we propose a study that compares pertussis antibody levels in preterms and terms after 2nd trimester maternal vaccination. We can compare these to data we have on 3rd trimester Tdap in terms. In addition to adequate antibody levels, success of 2nd trimester vaccination depends on acceptance of this strategy by pregnant women and professionals. Our primary endpoint is IgG anti-pertussis toxin (Pt) antibody concentration in preterms and terms at 2m of age, Pt is considered the most relevant antibody for protection against clinical pertussis. Secondary endpoints are e.g. pertussis specific antibody concentrations in preterms and terms in cord blood and in women at delivery. Determinants of acceptance of 2nd trimester maternal vaccination are also a secondary endpoint. Antibody concentrations will be assessed in serum, using a fluorescent bead-based multiplex immunoassay, with required blood volume of minimal 100µl. For the survey on acceptance, we aim to have 4 groups of 100 women each, i.e. women who are pregnant for the 1st time, women who already gave birth and in both groups women with and without a known increased risk of preterm delivery. For the immunogenicity part, we aim to have at least 60 preterms and 60 terms, as this is, according to experts, the minimum number to enable good comparisons. Pregnant women will be offered 2nd trimester pertussis vaccination. Both among acceptors and non-acceptors acceptance of 2nd trimester vaccination will be assessed. Women are first asked to participate in the acceptance part after the 1st antenatal visit to a midwife or obstetrician. They fill in a questionnaire to assess behavioral determinants and beliefs that underlie acceptance of 2nd trimester maternal vaccination. Only after this consent, women will be asked to participate in the immunogenicity part. Hereby, women will receive Tdap after they have the 20w standard anomaly ultrasound scan (20-24 GW). Vaccinated women will be followed until delivery. All preterms and a random selection of 60 terms, all of vaccinated mothers, will be followed until 2m of age, i.e. just before start of the NIP. By including both women in primary and secondary antenatal care, we aim to enrich our study population with women who are at increased risk for preterm delivery, as these women are usually seen by an obstetrician. Data from our study will determine whether 2nd trimester Tdap leads to sufficient Pt antibodiy concentration in terms and preterms compared to 3rd trimester vaccination. Furthermore, we will have knowledge about obstacles for acceptance and can tailor information for all pregnant women to overcome these. Finally, given that in near future besides pertussis other maternal vaccines are likely to become available for prevention of severe disease in newborns (RSV, GBS), in particular in preterms, this study generates essential knowledge for future vaccine policy of maternal vaccines.

<p>Datasets used for the manuscript:&nbsp;<em>Long-term wastewater monitoring of SARS-CoV-2 viral loads and variants at the major international passenger hub Amsterdam Schiphol Airport: a valuable addition to COVID-19 surveillance</em></p> <p><em>pandemic_daily_passenger_counts.tsv</em>: An overview of daily passenger arrival&nbsp;counts at Amsterdam Schiphol Airport per continent of origin during the study period 16-02-2020 - 04-09-2022</p> <p><em>pre-pandemic_daily_passenger_averages.tsv:&nbsp;</em>An overview of mean daily passenger arrival counts at Amsterdam Schiphol Airport in the pre-pandemic period 2017-2019.</p> <p><em>viral_load_data.tsv:&nbsp;</em>Flow-corrected viral load (# particles per 24h) in samples taken at the wastewater treatment plant of Amsterdam Schiphol Airport.</p> <p><em>wastewater_variant_frequencies.tsv:&nbsp;</em>SARS-CoV-2 lineage estimates in samples&nbsp;taken at the wastewater treatment plant of Amsterdam Schiphol Airport, analyzed using whole-genome tiled amplicon sequencing.</p>

Wat ziet U: De verandering in de gemiddelde nitraatconcentratie in het grondwater op een diepte van 5-15 m voor de periode 2004-2010. Verandering is weergegeven als het verschil tussen de gemiddelden van de periode 2004-2007 en de periode 2008-2010. De verandering in de nitraatconcentratie is in klassen ingedeeld. Belangrijk voor: Early warning system voor grondwaterbronnen die voor de productie van drinkwater worden gebruikt.

For English, see below Dit bestand bevat: - Het aantal Covid-19 IC opnames in Nederland, per datum van IC opname en per datum waarop de gegevens zijn gemeld aan de NICE registratie (https://www.stichting-nice.nl). De aantallen betreffen Covid-19 IC opnames sinds de eerste melding in Nederland (27/02/2020) tot en met 1 april 2024. Per 1 april 2024 is de NICE COVID-19 klinische registratie gestopt. Daardoor wordt de data vanaf 17 april 2024 niet meer bijgewerkt. Informatie over het aantal COVID-19 ziekenhuisopnames en de bedbezetting wordt nog gerapporteerd door het LCPS (https://lcps.nu/datafeed/). Het aantal ziekenhuisopnames in de NICE COVID-19 registratie werd tussen april 2023 en april 2024 steeds minder compleet, vergeleken met het aantal ziekenhuisopnames gerapporteerd door het LCPS. Het bestand is als volgt opgebouwd: - Een record per datum van statistiek voor Nederland, ook als er op de betreffende dag geen opname of meldingen zijn. De aantallen zijn dan 0 (nul). De genoemde datum voor statistiek kan betrekking hebben op een IC opnamedatum of de datum dat het ziekenhuis een IC opname heeft gemeld aan de NICE registratie. Beschrijving van de variabelen: Version: versienummer van de dataset. Wanneer de inhoud van de dataset structureel word gewijzigd (dus niet de dagelijkse update of een correctie op record niveau), zal het versienummer aangepast worden (+1) en ook de corresponderende metadata in RIVMdata (https://data.rivm.nl). Versie 2 update (9 augustus 2022) -Vanaf 9 augustus 2022 zijn nieuwe opnames van personen met een SARS-CoV-2 besmetting die tijdens een eerdere COVID-19 episode ook opgenomen zijn geweest, toegevoegd aan dit open databestand. Om deze reden valt het aantal opnames met terugwerkende kracht hoger uit dan in onze voorgaande bestanden. De onderschatting van het aantal opnames sinds het begin van de pandemie tot 9 augustus 2022 is minder dan 1%. Een opname wordt geteld als een nieuwe opname wanneer een persoon met een SARS-CoV-2 besmetting een opname datum heeft die meer dan 90 dagen na de voorgaande opname. Versie 3 update (1 september 2022) - Vanaf 1 september 2022 wordt de data niet meer iedere werkdag geüpdatet, maar op dinsdagen en vrijdagen. De data wordt op deze dagen met terugwerkende kracht bijgewerkt voor de andere dagen. - Vanaf 1 september 2022 is deze dataset opgesplitst in twee delen. Het eerste deel bevat de data vanaf het begin van de pandemie tot en met 3 oktober 2021 (week 39) en bevat ‘tm’ in de bestandsnaam. Deze data wordt niet meer geüpdatet. Het tweede deel bevat de data vanaf 4 oktober 2021 (week 40) en wordt iedere dinsdag en vrijdag geüpdatet. Versie 4 update (4 april 2023) - Vanaf 4 april 2023 zal dit bestand wekelijks op dinsdag worden geüpdatet. De data wordt met terugwerkende kracht bijgewerkt voor de andere dagen. Vanaf 6 september 2023 wordt dit bestand wekelijks op woensdag geüpdatet. De data wordt met terugwerkende kracht bijgewerkt voor de andere dagen. Date_of_report: Datum en tijd waarop het databestand is aangemaakt door het RIVM. Date_of_statistics: Datum van IC opname (variabele IC_admission) of de datum waarop de IC opname is gemeld aan de NICE registratie (variabele IC_admission_notification). IC_admission_notification: Het aantal nieuwe, bij de NICE registratie gemelde, COVID-19 patiënten dat op de IC is opgenomen per datum waarop de IC opname is gemeld [Date_of_statistics]. IC_admission: Het aantal nieuwe, bij de NICE registratie gemelde, COVID-19 patiënten dat op de IC is opgenomen per IC opnamedatum [Date_of_statistics]. Een patiënt kan meerdere keren op de IC worden opgenomen. In dit open databestand is één IC opname per patiënt opgenomen. RIVM en de NICE registratie hebben de methode om in dergelijke gevallen de meest relevante IC opnamedatum te bepalen zoveel mogelijk gelijk getrokken, maar de aantallen kunnen iets afwijken van de gegevens zoals gepresenteerd door de NICE registratie Ondanks dat aan ziekenhuizen wordt gevraagd meerdere malen per dag de COVID-19 patiënten te registeren, kan de registratie van het aantal patiënten achterlopen. Dit heeft als gevolg dat de aantallen van de afgelopen dagen nog onvolledig kunnen zijn (https://www.stichting-nice.nl). Correcties die in meldingen in het bronsysteem van de NICE registratie worden gedaan door medewerkers van ziekenhuizen kunnen ook leiden tot correcties in dit databestand. Aantallen die in het verleden door het RIVM zijn gepubliceerd kunnen in dat geval afwijken van de aantallen in dit databestand. Dit bestand bevat op het moment van aanmaken en publicatie dus altijd de meest actuele gegevens volgens het bronsysteem van de NICE registratie. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Covid-19 Intensive Care Unit admissions (ICU) in the Netherlands, per ICU admission date and notification date (according to NICE registration) This file contains: - The number of Covid-19 ICU admissions in the Netherlands, per date of ICU admission and per date on which the data were reported to the NICE registry (https://www.stichting-nice.nl). The numbers concern Covid-19 ICU admissions since the first report in the Netherlands (27/02/2020) up to April 1st 2024. The NICE COVID-19 clinical registration has been stopped as of 1 April 2024. As a result, the data will no longer be updated from April 17, 2024. Information about the number of COVID-19 hospital admissions and bed occupancy is still reported by the LCPS (https://lcps.nu/datafeed/). The number of hospital admissions in the NICE COVID-19 registry became less complete between April 2023 and April 2024, compared to the number of hospital admissions reported by the LCPS. The file is structured as follows: - A record per date of statistics for the Netherlands, even if there are no recordings or reports on the day in question. The numbers are then 0 (zero). The stated date for statistics may relate to an ICU admission date or the date on which the hospital reported an ICU admission to the NICE registry. Description of the variables: Version: version number of the dataset. When the content of the dataset is structurally changed (so not the daily update or a correction at record level), the version number will be adjusted (+1) and also the corresponding metadata in RIVMdata (https://data.rivm.nl). Version 2 update (August 9, 2022) -From August 9, 2022, new admissions of persons with a SARS-CoV-2 infection who were also admitted during a previous COVID-19 episode have been added to this open data file. For this reason, the number of admissions has been retroactively adjusted upwards. The underestimation of admissions since the start of the pandemic to August 9, 2022 is less than 1%. An admission is counted as a new admission when a person with a SARS-CoV-2 infection has a admission date that is more than 90 days after the previous admission. Version 3 update (September 1, 2022) - From September 1, 2022, the data will no longer be updated every working day, but on Tuesdays and Fridays. The data is retroactively updated on these days for the other days. - As of September 1, 2022, this dataset is split into two parts. The first part contains the dates from the start of the pandemic till October 3, 2021 (week 39) and contains "tm" in the file name. This data will no longer be updated. The second part contains the data from October 4, 2021 (week 40) and is updated every Tuesday and Friday. Version 4 update (April 4, 2023) - From April 4, 2023, this file will be updated weekly on Tuesdays. The data is retroactively updated for the other days. From September 6, 2023, this file will be updated weekly on Wednesdays. The data is retroactively updated for the other days. Date_of_report: Date and time on which the data file was created by the RIVM. Date_of_statistics: Date of ICU admission (variable IC_admission) or the date on which the ICU admission was reported to the NICE registry (variable IC_admission_notification). IC_admission_notification: The number of new COVID-19 patients reported to the NICE registry who have been admitted to the ICU per date on which the ICU admission was reported [Date_of_statistics]. IC_admission: The number of new COVID-19 patients reported to the NICE registry who were admitted to the ICU per ICU admission date [Date_of_statistics]. A patient can be admitted to the ICU several times. This open data file includes one IC recording per patient. The RIVM and the NICE registry have aligned the method for determining the most relevant ICU admission date in such cases as much as possible, but the numbers may differ slightly from the data presented by the NICE registry. Despite the fact that hospitals are asked to register COVID-19 patients several times a day, the registration of the number of patients may lag behind. As a result, the numbers of the past few days may still be incomplete (https://www.stichting-nice.nl). Corrections made in reports in the source system of the NICE registration by employees of hospitals can also lead to corrections in this database. In that case, numbers published by the RIVM in the past may deviate from the numbers in this database. At the time of creation and publication, this file therefore always contains the most up-to-date data according to the source system of the NICE registration.

genexpressie in neurale stamcellen na blootstelling aan methylkwik

Genexpressie in muizenlever om invloed van vasten op bijwerkingen door chemotherapie te bepalen

RNAseq genexpressie op neurale stamcellen na blootstelling aan twee antidepressiva

Genexpressie effecten in muizenlever bij necrose door blootstelling aan acetaminophen, isoniazide, and paraquat

Genexpressie in longen van C3H en Hcb28 muizen na infectie met Bordetella pertussis

genexpressie in neurale stamcellen na blootstelling aan drie stoffen